Our increasing knowledge on the role of HPV in the development of anogenital and oropharyngeal cancer have resulted in new prevention and treatment options. In this symposium we will highlight these topics. The developments in HPV-based cervical screening will be addressed.  The use of self-collected samples for HPV testing as an upcoming alternative for clinician-based sampling may provide an opportunity to go to full molecular screening. The over 10-years of experience with prophylactic HPV vaccination  in the Netherlands,  and new vaccination options including vaccination of boys will be discussed. The progress on therapeutic vaccination and the recognition that HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancer is genetically a unique entity with its own clinico-pathological characteristics  will be presented. The symposium will be closed by considering the future of prevention and treatment of HPV-induced cancers.